Diferencias sociodemográficas y variables predictoras en la percepción de riesgo y resiliencia en la pandemia por COVID-19 en México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70298/ConCiencia.9-2.9Palabras clave:
Percepción de riesgo, Resiliencia, Validación de escalas, Pandemia, COVID-19Resumen
La pandemia por COVID-19 ha sido un evento que nos ha marcado en muchos aspectos de la vida. La percepción de riesgo y la resiliencia personal tuvieron un papel importante en las respuestas frente a la pandemia. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la diferencia entre la percepción de riesgo por pandemia del COVID-19 y la resiliencia personal en función de la edad, el sexo y el nivel de estudios en población mexicana, además se buscó identificar los factores que fungen como predictores de las dos variables mencionadas. La investigación se realizó con una muestra de 791 personas adultas utilizando una escala de percepción de riesgo elaborada para el presente estudio y una de resiliencia individual en población adulta durante el periodo de la pandemia en 2020. Ambas escalas mostraron buenos índices de propiedades psicométricas, validez y confiabilidad. En cuanto al análisis se observa que la edad y el nivel de estudios influyen significativamente y son predictoras de las variables estudiadas. Se identificó que las personas con menor nivel de estudios, con menor edad y solteras tendieron a percibir mayor riesgo de la pandemia y las personas adultas y con estudios de posgrado son quienes presentan más altos niveles de resiliencia. Ante este panorama se sugiere tener acciones del manejo, gestión del riesgo e intervención para mejorar las estrategias resilientes, particularmente en este tipo de población en situaciones similares.
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