Un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para describir las relaciones entre recursos sociales, estresores y síntomas durante los tiempos del COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32654/CONCIENCIAEPG.7-1.8Palabras clave:
Estresores vitales; Recursos sociales; Conflictos trabajo; familia y familia-trabajo; Estrés por pandemia; Depresión y ansiedad; Modelo de ecuaciones estructuralesResumen
El Covid-19 no sólo es una enfermedad contagiosa, sino el causante del así llamado estrés por pandemia. Además, la cuarentena obligatoria que se impuso con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de contagio modificó la cotidianidad de las personas, diluyendo así los límites entre las rutinas familiares y laborales. Con el objetivo de determinar las relaciones entre los estresores vitales, la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa, y los efectos amortiguadores de los recursos sociales, se utilizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para realizar un análisis de sendero. Por Internet, se recolectó una muestra argentina de 637 individuos, de los cuales 182 cumplían con los requisitos de inclusión que comprendían estar con una pareja formal, estar conviviendo con hijos y encontrarse trabajando. Se determinó que la pareja como recurso consistió en el principal factor que puede reducir el riesgo de que se desarrollen síntomas depresivos y/o ansiosos. Los estresores de la pandemia y los hijos como estresores tienen las asociaciones más considerables con la ansiedad y, por otro lado, las siguientes variables tienen las correlaciones más destacadas con la depresión: la pareja como estresor, los conflictos familia-trabajo y los estresores de la pandemia.
Se concluye que, aunque los estresores de la pandemia están significativamente correlacionados con la depresión y ansiedad, la pareja consiste en la variable clave por sus asociaciones con los síntomas analizados en el presente estudio.
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